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Bauxite is the best raw material for the production of metal aluminum, and its consumption accounts for more than 90% of the world’s total output. However, while bauxite has many uses, it can also be improved through beneficiation. This process involves increasing the value of bauxite by removing impurities and improving its overall quality.
In recent years, as the source of industrial chain development, bauxite has been widely used in the industrial field and has a huge demand. High-grade or high-quality bauxite with the high aluminum-silicon ratio in most major mining areas is even on the verge of depletion. A potential solution to these problems lies in bauxite beneficiation, a process that increases the value of bauxite by improving its quality.
About Bauxite Ore
Bauxite is formed from parent rock in hot and humid climates; its color is grayish white, brownish red and yellowish brown. Bauxite is generally a finely dispersed colloidal mixture composed of three minerals, diaspore, boehmite and gibbsite, in various proportions. Bauxite is often symbiotic with iron oxides and hydroxides, anatase and clay minerals such as kaolinite and chlorite. Bauxite ore can be divided into three categories: high-alkali bauxite, high-titanium bauxite, and high-iron bauxite according to its impurities.
Types
Global bauxite deposit types can generally be divided into lateritic and sedimentary categories. Among them, the ore of the lateritic bauxite deposit is mainly gibbsite or gibbsite and boehmite mixed ore, which is characterized by medium aluminum, low silicon, high aluminum-silicon ratio, and high iron. It is a high-quality aluminum Industrial raw material, easy to collect and dissolve. Sedimentary bauxite ore is characterized by high aluminum, high silicon, medium-low aluminum-silicon ratio, and low iron.
Bauxite Application
The appearance is similar to clay, and it is an important raw material for the production of metal aluminum. It is widely used in national defense, aviation, automobile, electrical appliances, the chemical industry, daily necessities and other fields.
Bauxite is a sedimentary rock that is widely used in the production of aluminum. However, not all bauxite deposits are created equal. Some contain impurities that can decrease the quality and value of the final product. That’s why bauxite beneficiation & process that removes unwanted minerals and compounds – has become increasingly important in the mining industry.
The main beneficiation methods of bauxite are washing, flotation, magnetic separation, chemical beneficiation, etc. The process of separating concentrates from bauxite ore is actually a process of removing gangue minerals and harmful impurities, and separating high-aluminum minerals and low-aluminum minerals to obtain concentrates with a high aluminum-silicon ratio. Bauxite beneficiation can not only utilize low-grade bauxite, but also play the role of grading, homogenizing, reducing impurities, and improving the refractory performance of refractory materials.
(1) Ore washing is the simplest and most effective method to improve the aluminum-silicon ratio of bauxite. By washing the ore, the aluminum-silicon ratio of the ore can be increased by about 2 times, which is more effective for sorting loose ores. Ore washing is often combined with other sorting methods to form a trommel scrubber (screening and washing)-classification-hand selection process.
(2) Flotation Separation
The flotation method can separate diaspore and kaolinite, using oxidized paraffin soap and tar oil as collectors in alkaline medium. The bauxite flotation concentrate grade contains 49.65% alumina, and the recovery rate is 45.3%. For the desalinization process of high-silica bauxite, flotation is more effective. The collectors of aluminum minerals include fatty acids and sulfonates, and the adjusters include sodium hexametaphosphate, tannin, sodium pyrophosphate, soda, and Sodium carbonate.
Flotation beneficiation is a common method in various beneficiation processes. It is mainly used to separate diaspore and kaolinite, and alkaline substances are added to the flotation machine as a medium. So what are the factors that affect the flotation of bauxite?
a. Flotation time. When the pulp is thick, the flotation time will be extended, which is beneficial to improve the recovery rate or increase the production capacity of the flotation machine.
b. Recovery rate. When the pulp is fragile, the recovery rate is low, the concentration gradually increases, the recovery rate increases gradually, and reaches the maximum value. The recovery rate decreases after exceeding the optimum pulp concentration.
c. Dosage of drugs. A certain concentration of chemicals must be maintained in the pulp to obtain good flotation results. When the pulp is thicker, the concentration of the liquid phase of the agent increases, and the dosage of the ore per ton of ore can be reduced, and vice versa.
d. Water and electricity consumption. The thicker the pulp, the smaller the hydropower consumption to process a ton of ore.
e. Concentrate quality. The concentrate quality is higher when the pulp is thin; when the pulp is thick, the quality decreases.
f. The production capacity of the flotation machine. As the concentration increases, the production capacity of the flotation machine can be increased.
(3) Magnetic separation
It is used to separate iron-bearing minerals. The magnetic separator is mainly used to separate iron impurities in aluminum ore. When there are many impurities, iron impurities can be used as the main raw material for other purposes, thereby increasing the reporting investment ratio.
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(4) Chemical beneficiation method
This method is mainly based on the hydrous alumina and silicates in the minerals. As a result, part of the silica can be converted into amorphous tailings and easily dissolved into alkaline silica particles, thereby increasing the ratio of aluminum to silicon.
(1) Our bauxite beneficiation methods effectively remove unwanted minerals from the ore. For example, washing helps remove clay and other impurities affecting downstream processing.
(2) Likewise, magnetic separation can be used to separate ferrous from non-ferrous minerals, thereby increasing the overall purity of bauxite. Another benefit is that they can help reduce energy consumption during processing.
(3) Beneficiation also helps reduce environmental issues by decreasing emissions from traditional smelting processes.
The process of the benefit of bauxite is an effective way to both increase its value and ensure its sustainability. Additionally, through this process, tailings can be recycled, reducing environmental impact and creating a circular economy. JXSC can formulate different beneficiation processes and equipment according to the type and grade of bauxite ore to obtain the best results and maximum efficiency.
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